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Distractibility Trait Predisposes Some to Attentional Lapses
People vary according to different personality traits, such as extraversion or conscientiousness, and new research suggests that they also vary according to a particular cognitive trait: distractibility. The findings are published in Psychological Science, a journal of the Association for Psychological Science. “We all know from personal experience that some people appear to be more prone to lapses of attention than others. At the same time, we know that inattention and distractibility characterize people with a clinical diagnosis of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD),” says study author Nilli Lavie of University College London.
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A Simple, Science-Backed Trick to Control Your Holiday Spending
Inc.: The comedown after the holidays can be rough. Some suffer in the grim January weather, others are shocked by the number on the scale after all the festivities, but for many folks the worst part of the post-season crash is the credit card bills. It's easy to get caught up in all the gift giving and good cheer and let your budget go totally out of control. Then the new year rolls around and shock and regret set in. Is there any way to avoid this common cycle of overindulgence and repentance? You might think that simple willpower is the answer. After all, we're all grown-ups here and know that what we buy has to be paid for. But according to psychologists things aren't that simple.
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We Infer a Speaker’s Social Identity from Subtle Linguistic Cues
When we speak, we “leak” information about our social identity through the nuanced language that we use to describe others, according to new research in Psychological Science, a journal of the Association for Psychological Science. This research shows that people can infer a speaker’s social identity (e.g., political party affiliation) from how the speaker uses abstract or concrete terms to describe someone else’s behavior. “Our findings show that language is a powerful tool for communication, not just in the traditional sense, but also in this more implicit, subtle manner,” explains lead researcher Shanette Porter of the University of Chicago.
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Proof there’s no shame in re-gifting this holiday
Fortune: You may have reservations: re-gifting is a social taboo, and it’s potentially offensive to the giver. But in a study published in Psychological Science, researchers found that when it comes to re-gifting, those who receive the gift (and re-gift it) known as “receivers” overestimate the reactions of those who give the gifts known as “givers.” The researchers conclude: “Although receivers felt that givers were entitled to have a say in what happened to their gifts, givers felt that receivers were entitled to do whatever they liked with a gift. In short, the taboo against regifting was felt more strongly by receivers than by givers.” Read the whole story: Fortune
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Altruism and the Preschooler
The Wall Street Journal: Preschool-age children from wealthier families generally behave less charitably than those from lower economic brackets, according to a recent study. What’s more, the study says, that lack of altruism could affect the physical and mental health of the wealthier children. The study, published recently in the journal Psychological Science, examined the roots and benefits of altruism in preschool-age children. The study’s authors argue that their findings highlight the importance of a child’s early environment in developing charitable tendencies. ...
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Why You Bought That Ugly Sweater
The Atlantic: There is a science to every sale. Among other findings of interest to retailers, researchers have shown that customers are drawn to items sitting on the middle of a shelf, as opposed to the ends [1], and that we perceive prices to be lower when they have fewer syllables and end with a 9 [2, 3]. Stores have figured out how to manipulate us by overpricing merchandise with the intention of later marking it down, knowing that (thanks to a cognitive bias psychologists refer to as “anchoring”) we will see the lowered price as a deal [4].
