Psychology Meets Biology in COVID-19: What We Know and Why It Matters for Public Health
Date/time: January 21, 2022, @ 12:00-2:30 PM ET
Psychologists have long explored the role of psychological and social factors in health inequalities. This has included understanding the role of these factors in our responses to viral infections and vaccinations. Factors such as loneliness, stress, culture, and social standing have been repeatedly shown to predict not only mental health but also COVID-19-relevant outcomes such as inflammation, general immune protection, likelihood of viral infection after virus exposure, symptom severity, and even the effectiveness of vaccines. There has never been a more critical time for this information to be shared and discussed broadly.
At this event, you will learn from leading scientists about what was known about the importance of psychosocial factors for health and physiology before the COVID-19 pandemic, and what this evidence tells us about the importance of these factors now. We will reveal how pandemic survival and recovery is not just about whether you get the virus; it’s also about the complex interactions between the virus, ourselves, our social surroundings, and so much more. Join our scientists and our expert discussants for a lively debate on how these factors impact public health, what we know and don’t know, and what we can do to maximize the health and well-being of a global population ravaged by this pandemic.
Organized by:
Kavita Vedhara and Kieran Ayling, University of Nottingham; Sarah Pressman and Cameron Wiley, University of California, Irvine; and Anna Marsland and Emily Jones, University of Pittsburgh
Kavita Vedhara, PhD
Professor of Health Psychology
University of Nottingham
Dr. Kavita Vedhara is a behavioral scientist whose research focuses on whether our emotional health affects our physical health and whether psychological interventions can provide an effective way to improve disease and treatment outcomes. Her work to date has examined the role of stress hormones in the success of IVF; psychological influences on the healing of acute and chronic wounds and the role of positive and negative mood on how well vaccines work. Her amazing team have worked tirelessly during the pandemic. Together they have designed studies to look at how the pandemic has affected mental health in the UK and New Zealand; whether mental health has influenced our stress biology and how likely we are to get COVID-19; psychological and behavioral influences on how well COVID-19 vaccines work and also developed a website to support people in making decisions about having a COVID-19 vaccine (www.covidvaxfacts.info).
Sarah Pressman, PhD
Professor of Psychological Science
University of California, Irvine
Dr. Sarah Pressman is an award winning health psychology researcher at the University of California, Irvine, and an expert on the topics of stress, health & happiness. She seeks to understand how positive emotions and social connections can help us survive the ill effects of stress and live longer, healthier lives. This includes exploring how these psychosocial factors influence COVID-19 relevant outcomes such as infectious illness and vaccination responses. Her work has been featured extensively in the popular media (e.g., CNN, the Wall Street Journal, the New York Times) and she is currently writing two books in the fields of Positive and Health Psychology.
Anna L. Marsland, PhD
Professor of Psychology
University of Pittsburgh
Dr. Anna L. Marsland’s research program focuses on pathways linking psychosocial, demographic and environmental factors to immune function and immune-related health. In particular, she has contributed to current understanding of the impact of psychological stress on immune function and on magnitude of response to vaccination. She has also collaborated with Sheldon Cohen on his work examining behavioral, psychosocial and environmental factors that relate to susceptibility to respiratory infectious disease.
Kieran Ayling, PhD
Senior Research Fellow
University of Nottingham
Dr. Kieran Ayling is a psychologist by background, and his research is focused on how psychological and behavioral factors influence physical health and immunity. He has particular interests in these relationships in the context of infectious diseases and vaccination. During the COVID-19 pandemic, he has been involved in research longitudinally tracking mental health in the UK and its impact on health outcomes (including susceptibility to COVID-19 infection), examining psychological and behavioral predictors of immune responses to COVID-19 vaccinations, and vaccine hesitancy.
Cameron R. Wiley, MA, MA
Doctoral Student, Graduate Teaching and Research Assistant
University of California, Irvine
Mr. Cameron R. Wiley is a 3rd year student in the Psychological Science Ph.D. program (Health Psychology concentration) at the University of California, Irvine (UCI). He received his B.S. in Psychology (Neuroscience minor) from The Ohio State University in 2017, his M.A. in Psychology (General concentration) from North Carolina Central University in 2019, and his M.A. in Social Ecology from UCI in 2021. Cameron’s research is in the area of psychophysiology, or the study of the connection between psychological phenomena and physiological responses. More specifically, he focuses on the association between self-regulation (i.e., of emotion and stress) and cardiovascular health, how these associations differ by ethnicity, and what factors and mechanisms influence ethnic health disparities. He currently works with Drs. Julian Thayer, Sarah Pressman, Roxy Silver, and DeWayne Williams. Cameron’s career goals are currently undecided, but he aims to take on a role in healthcare or academic administration or work in an NIH institute. Some of Cameron’s hobbies include powerlifting, video games, listening to and making music, watching movies, and not getting enough sleep.
Emily J. Jones, PhD
Postdoctoral Fellow
University of Pittsburgh
Dr. Emily Jones is a postdoctoral fellow in the Cardiovascular Behavioral Medicine (CBM) program at the University of Pittsburgh and she am mentored by Drs. Anna Marsland and Peter Gianaros. Prior to joining the CBM program, she worked as an in-home therapist for children and families experiencing adversity. This led her to pursue doctoral training in Biobehavioral Health at The Pennsylvania State University to better understand how childhood adversity can influence health and well-being across the life span. As such, she is interested in developmental and social influences associated with immune processes (e.g., systemic inflammation) and cardiovascular disease risk. In particular, she is interested in understanding how psychosocial characteristics (e.g., emotional support, belonging) and upward mobility confer risk for and resilience against the negative health outcomes associated with childhood adversity and socioeconomic disadvantage.
Kavita Vedhara, PhD
Professor of Health Psychology
University of Nottingham
Dr. Kavita Vedhara is a behavioral scientist whose research focuses on whether our emotional health affects our physical health and whether psychological interventions can provide an effective way to improve disease and treatment outcomes. Her work to date has examined the role of stress hormones in the success of IVF; psychological influences on the healing of acute and chronic wounds and the role of positive and negative mood on how well vaccines work. Her amazing team have worked tirelessly during the pandemic. Together they have designed studies to look at how the pandemic has affected mental health in the UK and New Zealand; whether mental health has influenced our stress biology and how likely we are to get COVID-19; psychological and behavioral influences on how well COVID-19 vaccines work and also developed a website to support people in making decisions about having a COVID-19 vaccine (www.covidvaxfacts.info).
Sarah Pressman, PhD
Professor of Psychological Science
University of California, Irvine
Dr. Sarah Pressman is an award winning health psychology researcher at the University of California, Irvine, and an expert on the topics of stress, health & happiness. She seeks to understand how positive emotions and social connections can help us survive the ill effects of stress and live longer, healthier lives. This includes exploring how these psychosocial factors influence COVID-19 relevant outcomes such as infectious illness and vaccination responses. Her work has been featured extensively in the popular media (e.g., CNN, the Wall Street Journal, the New York Times) and she is currently writing two books in the fields of Positive and Health Psychology.
Anna L. Marsland, PhD
Professor of Psychology
University of Pittsburgh
Dr. Anna L. Marsland’s research program focuses on pathways linking psychosocial, demographic and environmental factors to immune function and immune-related health. In particular, she has contributed to current understanding of the impact of psychological stress on immune function and on magnitude of response to vaccination. She has also collaborated with Sheldon Cohen on his work examining behavioral, psychosocial and environmental factors that relate to susceptibility to respiratory infectious disease.
Kieran Ayling, PhD
Senior Research Fellow
University of Nottingham
Dr. Kieran Ayling is a psychologist by background, and his research is focused on how psychological and behavioral factors influence physical health and immunity. He has particular interests in these relationships in the context of infectious diseases and vaccination. During the COVID-19 pandemic, he has been involved in research longitudinally tracking mental health in the UK and its impact on health outcomes (including susceptibility to COVID-19 infection), examining psychological and behavioral predictors of immune responses to COVID-19 vaccinations, and vaccine hesitancy.
Cameron R. Wiley, MA, MA
Doctoral Student, Graduate Teaching and Research Assistant
University of California, Irvine
Mr. Cameron R. Wiley is a 3rd year student in the Psychological Science Ph.D. program (Health Psychology concentration) at the University of California, Irvine (UCI). He received his B.S. in Psychology (Neuroscience minor) from The Ohio State University in 2017, his M.A. in Psychology (General concentration) from North Carolina Central University in 2019, and his M.A. in Social Ecology from UCI in 2021. Cameron’s research is in the area of psychophysiology, or the study of the connection between psychological phenomena and physiological responses. More specifically, he focuses on the association between self-regulation (i.e., of emotion and stress) and cardiovascular health, how these associations differ by ethnicity, and what factors and mechanisms influence ethnic health disparities. He currently works with Drs. Julian Thayer, Sarah Pressman, Roxy Silver, and DeWayne Williams. Cameron’s career goals are currently undecided, but he aims to take on a role in healthcare or academic administration or work in an NIH institute. Some of Cameron’s hobbies include powerlifting, video games, listening to and making music, watching movies, and not getting enough sleep.
Emily J. Jones, PhD
Postdoctoral Fellow
University of Pittsburgh
Dr. Emily Jones is a postdoctoral fellow in the Cardiovascular Behavioral Medicine (CBM) program at the University of Pittsburgh and she am mentored by Drs. Anna Marsland and Peter Gianaros. Prior to joining the CBM program, she worked as an in-home therapist for children and families experiencing adversity. This led her to pursue doctoral training in Biobehavioral Health at The Pennsylvania State University to better understand how childhood adversity can influence health and well-being across the life span. As such, she is interested in developmental and social influences associated with immune processes (e.g., systemic inflammation) and cardiovascular disease risk. In particular, she is interested in understanding how psychosocial characteristics (e.g., emotional support, belonging) and upward mobility confer risk for and resilience against the negative health outcomes associated with childhood adversity and socioeconomic disadvantage.
PART 1: Prepandemic insights
Evidence from before the COVID-19 pandemic on the psychological, social, contextual, and behavioral influences on viral and infectious disease outcomes.
Keely Muscatell, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Biological Mechanisms Linking Psychological Processes and Infectious Disease Outcomes
Keely A. Muscatell, PhD
Assistant Professor of Psychology & Neuroscience
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Dr. Keely A. Muscatell is a social neuroscientist and psychoneuroimmunologist who studies how social experiences influence the brain and the immune system. Her research examines how stress, economic deprivation, racial discrimination, and social support are represented in the brain and lead to physiological changes that influence health and well-being. She is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Psychology & Neuroscience at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, having previously completed her PhD at UCLA and post-doctoral training at UC San Francisco and UC Berkeley.
This presentation will focus on research that has attempted to understand the biological mechanisms through which psychological processes influence infectious disease outcomes. Dr. Muscatell will review past work that has shed light on how psychological factors such as stress, depression, discrimination, and social relationships influence the functioning of the immune system. The goal is to understand how, biologically, psychological factors may confer risk for and resilience to viral infection.
Keely A. Muscatell, PhD
Assistant Professor of Psychology & Neuroscience
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Dr. Keely A. Muscatell is a social neuroscientist and psychoneuroimmunologist who studies how social experiences influence the brain and the immune system. Her research examines how stress, economic deprivation, racial discrimination, and social support are represented in the brain and lead to physiological changes that influence health and well-being. She is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Psychology & Neuroscience at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, having previously completed her PhD at UCLA and post-doctoral training at UC San Francisco and UC Berkeley.
This presentation will focus on research that has attempted to understand the biological mechanisms through which psychological processes influence infectious disease outcomes. Dr. Muscatell will review past work that has shed light on how psychological factors such as stress, depression, discrimination, and social relationships influence the functioning of the immune system. The goal is to understand how, biologically, psychological factors may confer risk for and resilience to viral infection.
Anna Marsland, University of Pittsburgh
Psychological Influences on Vulnerability to Viruses
Anna L. Marsland, PhD
Professor of Psychology
University of Pittsburgh
Dr. Anna L. Marsland’s research program focuses on pathways linking psychosocial, demographic and environmental factors to immune function and immune-related health. In particular, she has contributed to current understanding of the impact of psychological stress on immune function and on magnitude of response to vaccination. She has also collaborated with Sheldon Cohen on his work examining behavioral, psychosocial and environmental factors that relate to susceptibility to respiratory infectious disease.
Over the past 35 years, Dr. Sheldon Cohen has studied factors that predict susceptibility to respiratory infectious disease. His work uses a viral challenge model that exposes research participants to upper repiratory viruses and then monitors them closely to determine factors that predict infection and severity of disease. Results of these studies identify a number of factors that relate to increased risk of infection and clinical illness. Dr. Marsland will summarize the results of these clinical trials and comment on their implications for identifying those at increased risk in response to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Anna L. Marsland, PhD
Professor of Psychology
University of Pittsburgh
Dr. Anna L. Marsland’s research program focuses on pathways linking psychosocial, demographic and environmental factors to immune function and immune-related health. In particular, she has contributed to current understanding of the impact of psychological stress on immune function and on magnitude of response to vaccination. She has also collaborated with Sheldon Cohen on his work examining behavioral, psychosocial and environmental factors that relate to susceptibility to respiratory infectious disease.
Over the past 35 years, Dr. Sheldon Cohen has studied factors that predict susceptibility to respiratory infectious disease. His work uses a viral challenge model that exposes research participants to upper repiratory viruses and then monitors them closely to determine factors that predict infection and severity of disease. Results of these studies identify a number of factors that relate to increased risk of infection and clinical illness. Dr. Marsland will summarize the results of these clinical trials and comment on their implications for identifying those at increased risk in response to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Rodlescia Sneed, Michigan State University
Social and Psychological Factors Contributing to Pre-Pandemic Racial & Ethnic Disparities in Health
Rodlescia S. Sneed, PhD, MPH
Assistant Professor
Division of Public Health, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University
Dr. Rodlescia Sneed is a social and health psychologist whose work focuses on community-engaged research in marginalized communities. She is particularly interested in evaluating and improving how minority and economically vulnerable older adults age successfully. Her work utilizes mixed methods approaches to understand and potentially modify social and psychological factors that contribute to health inequities.
In this talk, Dr. Sneed will describe racial/ethnic disparities in health outcomes, present models that discuss how social and psychological factors could contribute to these disparities, and offer potential strategies that the field of psychology could utilize to address these disparities.
Rodlescia S. Sneed, PhD, MPH
Assistant Professor
Division of Public Health, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University
Dr. Rodlescia Sneed is a social and health psychologist whose work focuses on community-engaged research in marginalized communities. She is particularly interested in evaluating and improving how minority and economically vulnerable older adults age successfully. Her work utilizes mixed methods approaches to understand and potentially modify social and psychological factors that contribute to health inequities.
In this talk, Dr. Sneed will describe racial/ethnic disparities in health outcomes, present models that discuss how social and psychological factors could contribute to these disparities, and offer potential strategies that the field of psychology could utilize to address these disparities.
PART 2: Pandemic insights
Evidence from the COVID-19 and related literature on the psychological, social, and behavioral impact of the pandemic (e.g., lockdowns, social distancing, school closures, bereavement) and the potential implications for COVID-19 outcomes.
Adam Geraghty, University of Southampton
Data on Psychological and Behavioral Impact of the Pandemic
Adam Geraghty, PhD
Associate Professor in Psychology and Behavioural Medicine
University of Southampton
As an academic psychologist working in primary care medicine, Dr. Adam Geraghty has a broad range of interests particularly focusing on the following: The nature of stress, its relation to depression and impacts in primary care medicine; development and evaluation of behavioral interventions for long-term symptoms; development and evaluation of preventative interventions, including prevention of respiratory tract infection, and prevention of relapse following discontinuation of antidepressants; psychological impacts of COVID-19.
Dr. Geraghty will present a summary of international work in progress, led by the University of Southampton exploring the impact of COVID-19 infection on mental health symptoms. In addition, he will summarize key aspects and findings from international published data focusing on the psychological and behavioral impacts of COVID-19.
Adam Geraghty, PhD
Associate Professor in Psychology and Behavioural Medicine
University of Southampton
As an academic psychologist working in primary care medicine, Dr. Adam Geraghty has a broad range of interests particularly focusing on the following: The nature of stress, its relation to depression and impacts in primary care medicine; development and evaluation of behavioral interventions for long-term symptoms; development and evaluation of preventative interventions, including prevention of respiratory tract infection, and prevention of relapse following discontinuation of antidepressants; psychological impacts of COVID-19.
Dr. Geraghty will present a summary of international work in progress, led by the University of Southampton exploring the impact of COVID-19 infection on mental health symptoms. In addition, he will summarize key aspects and findings from international published data focusing on the psychological and behavioral impacts of COVID-19.
Kavita Vedhara, University of Nottingham
Has Mental Health Affected Physical Health in the COVID-19 Pandemic?
Kavita Vedhara, PhD
Professor of Health Psychology
University of Nottingham
Dr. Kavita Vedhara is a behavioral scientist whose research focuses on whether our emotional health affects our physical health and whether psychological interventions can provide an effective way to improve disease and treatment outcomes. Her work to date has examined the role of stress hormones in the success of IVF; psychological influences on the healing of acute and chronic wounds and the role of positive and negative mood on how well vaccines work. Her amazing team have worked tirelessly during the pandemic. Together they have designed studies to look at how the pandemic has affected mental health in the UK and New Zealand; whether mental health has influenced our stress biology and how likely we are to get COVID-19; psychological and behavioral influences on how well COVID-19 vaccines work and also developed a website to support people in making decisions about having a COVID-19 vaccine (www.covidvaxfacts.info).
This presentation will review some of the research which has looked at whether and how the psychological effects of the pandemic have impacted our risk of getting COVID-19 and the severity of the disease.
Kavita Vedhara, PhD
Professor of Health Psychology
University of Nottingham
Dr. Kavita Vedhara is a behavioral scientist whose research focuses on whether our emotional health affects our physical health and whether psychological interventions can provide an effective way to improve disease and treatment outcomes. Her work to date has examined the role of stress hormones in the success of IVF; psychological influences on the healing of acute and chronic wounds and the role of positive and negative mood on how well vaccines work. Her amazing team have worked tirelessly during the pandemic. Together they have designed studies to look at how the pandemic has affected mental health in the UK and New Zealand; whether mental health has influenced our stress biology and how likely we are to get COVID-19; psychological and behavioral influences on how well COVID-19 vaccines work and also developed a website to support people in making decisions about having a COVID-19 vaccine (www.covidvaxfacts.info).
This presentation will review some of the research which has looked at whether and how the psychological effects of the pandemic have impacted our risk of getting COVID-19 and the severity of the disease.
Hannah Schreier, The Pennsylvania State University
Early Life Experiences and Risk and Resilience Among Youth During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Hannah M. C. Schreier
Associate Professor of Biobehavioral Health
The Pennsylvania State University
Dr. Hannah Schreier is a health psychologist by training and interested in how experiences, such as growing up in low socioeconomic status environments or experiencing child maltreatment, influence chronic disease risk among children and adolescents. To this end, she focuses primarily on inflammatory and metabolic outcomes. Additionally, she is interested in understanding how other aspects of youth’s social and physical environments may alter these associations and whether social interventions can be used to reduce chronic disease risk in youth.
Chronic, adverse experiences early in life, such as growing up in poverty or experiencing child maltreatment, have the potential to shape youth’s psychological and physiological well-being for years to come. At the same time, positive influences in youth’s environment may lessen the negative effects of such experiences. This talk will briefly discuss how youth’s early environment may shape youth’s risk and resilience in the face of COVID-19 as well as discuss some direct and indirect pathways through which the COVID-19 pandemic is likely to impact the health of high-risk youth.
Hannah M. C. Schreier
Associate Professor of Biobehavioral Health
The Pennsylvania State University
Dr. Hannah Schreier is a health psychologist by training and interested in how experiences, such as growing up in low socioeconomic status environments or experiencing child maltreatment, influence chronic disease risk among children and adolescents. To this end, she focuses primarily on inflammatory and metabolic outcomes. Additionally, she is interested in understanding how other aspects of youth’s social and physical environments may alter these associations and whether social interventions can be used to reduce chronic disease risk in youth.
Chronic, adverse experiences early in life, such as growing up in poverty or experiencing child maltreatment, have the potential to shape youth’s psychological and physiological well-being for years to come. At the same time, positive influences in youth’s environment may lessen the negative effects of such experiences. This talk will briefly discuss how youth’s early environment may shape youth’s risk and resilience in the face of COVID-19 as well as discuss some direct and indirect pathways through which the COVID-19 pandemic is likely to impact the health of high-risk youth.
Julianne Holt-Lunstad, Brigham Young University
Social Connection: What Decades of Research and a Global Pandemic has Taught Us… and What We Still Don’t Know
Julianne Holt-Lunstad, PhD
Professor of Psychology & Neuroscience; Martin B Hickman Distinguished Scholar
Brigham Young University
Dr. Julianne Holt-Lunstad’s research is focused on understanding the long-term health effects, biological mechanisms, and effective strategies to mitigate risk and promote protection associated with social connection. Her work has been seminal in the recognition of social isolation and loneliness as risk factors for early mortality. She serves as a scientific advisor and consults regularly for organizations across sectors aimed at bridging evidence and application. Recently she has served as a member of a National Academy of Sciences consensus committee that issued a report on the medical and healthcare relevance of social isolation and loneliness, and is the founding scientific chair of the U.S. Coalition to End Social Isolation and Loneliness and Foundation for Social Connections.
Policy has been implemented across sectors to limit social contact which may result in compounding the public health crisis. Evidence across several decades, disciplines, and methodologies document robust converging evidence of the associations between social connection, isolation, and loneliness (SIL) with physical health outcomes. Some of the strongest evidence links SIL with risk for premature mortality. Preliminary evidence suggests isolation and loneliness has increased globally as a result of the pandemic and short and long-term health effects are likely to emerge if steps are not taken to mitigate risk. Less is known about what solutions are most effective for whom, particularly if focused primarily on digital and remote solutions. SIL solutions across individuals, communities, institutions, and policy are essential to addressing the full scope of the public health crisis.
Julianne Holt-Lunstad, PhD
Professor of Psychology & Neuroscience; Martin B Hickman Distinguished Scholar
Brigham Young University
Dr. Julianne Holt-Lunstad’s research is focused on understanding the long-term health effects, biological mechanisms, and effective strategies to mitigate risk and promote protection associated with social connection. Her work has been seminal in the recognition of social isolation and loneliness as risk factors for early mortality. She serves as a scientific advisor and consults regularly for organizations across sectors aimed at bridging evidence and application. Recently she has served as a member of a National Academy of Sciences consensus committee that issued a report on the medical and healthcare relevance of social isolation and loneliness, and is the founding scientific chair of the U.S. Coalition to End Social Isolation and Loneliness and Foundation for Social Connections.
Policy has been implemented across sectors to limit social contact which may result in compounding the public health crisis. Evidence across several decades, disciplines, and methodologies document robust converging evidence of the associations between social connection, isolation, and loneliness (SIL) with physical health outcomes. Some of the strongest evidence links SIL with risk for premature mortality. Preliminary evidence suggests isolation and loneliness has increased globally as a result of the pandemic and short and long-term health effects are likely to emerge if steps are not taken to mitigate risk. Less is known about what solutions are most effective for whom, particularly if focused primarily on digital and remote solutions. SIL solutions across individuals, communities, institutions, and policy are essential to addressing the full scope of the public health crisis.
Judith Moskowitz, Northwestern University
A Positive Emotion Skills Intervention for Coping with COVID
Judith T Moskowitz, PhD, MPH
Professor of Medical Social Sciences
Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine
Trained as a Social psychologist, for the past 20 years Dr. Judith T. Moskowitz has studied behavioral and psychosocial factors in the context of stressful life experiences. Her current research is focused on the adaptive role of positive emotion regulation for support of beneficial health behaviors (such as engagement in care, adherence, diet and physical activity) and prevention of maladaptive health behaviors (such as substance abuse.) She examines the unique adaptive role of positive emotion in the process of coping with various types of health-related and other life stress and, through randomized trials, determine whether a positive emotion regulation intervention developed by her team can increase positive affect, reduce stress and depression, and improve health behaviors and physical health in a variety of samples including Alzheimer’s caregivers, young adult cancer survivors, people living with HIV and depression, and front-line workers in gun violence prevention programs.
The ability to maintain positive emotions can help individuals cope better with stress. This talk will discuss an intervention that was developed and tested to teach skills that help people maintain positive emotions in the midst of stress. The coronavirus pandemic has presented a stressor on a global scale that has resulted in increased rates of depression and anxiety. The discussion will focus on tests of whether learning positive emotion skills helped increase positive emotion, as well as meaning and purpose, and helped reduce social isolation, depression, and anxiety among people in the United States.
Judith T Moskowitz, PhD, MPH
Professor of Medical Social Sciences
Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine
Trained as a Social psychologist, for the past 20 years Dr. Judith T. Moskowitz has studied behavioral and psychosocial factors in the context of stressful life experiences. Her current research is focused on the adaptive role of positive emotion regulation for support of beneficial health behaviors (such as engagement in care, adherence, diet and physical activity) and prevention of maladaptive health behaviors (such as substance abuse.) She examines the unique adaptive role of positive emotion in the process of coping with various types of health-related and other life stress and, through randomized trials, determine whether a positive emotion regulation intervention developed by her team can increase positive affect, reduce stress and depression, and improve health behaviors and physical health in a variety of samples including Alzheimer’s caregivers, young adult cancer survivors, people living with HIV and depression, and front-line workers in gun violence prevention programs.
The ability to maintain positive emotions can help individuals cope better with stress. This talk will discuss an intervention that was developed and tested to teach skills that help people maintain positive emotions in the midst of stress. The coronavirus pandemic has presented a stressor on a global scale that has resulted in increased rates of depression and anxiety. The discussion will focus on tests of whether learning positive emotion skills helped increase positive emotion, as well as meaning and purpose, and helped reduce social isolation, depression, and anxiety among people in the United States.
PART 3: The road to recovery
Psychobiological influences on inflammation/long COVID and responses to vaccines.
Julie Bower, University of California, Los Angeles
Inflammation and Behavior: From Sickness Behavior to Long COVID
Julienne Bower, PhD
Professor, Departments of Psychology and Psychiatry/Biobehavioral Sciences
University of California, Los Angeles
Dr. Julienne Bower’s research focuses broadly on bidirectional interactions between psychological states and the immune system among individuals facing stressful life events. A central focus of her work has been understanding the biological mechanisms underlying fatigue, depression, and other behavioral symptoms in cancer patients and survivors. Another line of her work examines how stress influences immune function and health, and resilience factors that may buffer the negative effects of stress exposure. She has also been actively involved in developing mind-body interventions and testing effects on psychological and immune outcomes.
Dr. Bower’s presentation will review research on inflammation effects on the brain and behavior, with a focus on fatigue as a transdiagnostic symptom. She will also address host factors that increase risk and resilience for behavioral symptoms, and potential targets for intervention.
Julienne Bower, PhD
Professor, Departments of Psychology and Psychiatry/Biobehavioral Sciences
University of California, Los Angeles
Dr. Julienne Bower’s research focuses broadly on bidirectional interactions between psychological states and the immune system among individuals facing stressful life events. A central focus of her work has been understanding the biological mechanisms underlying fatigue, depression, and other behavioral symptoms in cancer patients and survivors. Another line of her work examines how stress influences immune function and health, and resilience factors that may buffer the negative effects of stress exposure. She has also been actively involved in developing mind-body interventions and testing effects on psychological and immune outcomes.
Dr. Bower’s presentation will review research on inflammation effects on the brain and behavior, with a focus on fatigue as a transdiagnostic symptom. She will also address host factors that increase risk and resilience for behavioral symptoms, and potential targets for intervention.
Neetu Abad, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Mobilizing Communities to Increase COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake: CDC’s Vaccine Confidence and Demand Strategy
Neetu Abad, PhD
Senior Behavioral Scientist / Team Lead, Global Demand for Immunization
US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Dr. Neetu Abad is a senior behavioral scientist and Lead of the Demand for Immunization team in the Global Immunization Division at US CDC. She also co-led the US-based Vaccine Confidence and Demand Team in CDC’s COVID-19 Vaccine Task Force. Her work focuses on assessing and intervening on the behavioral and social drivers of undervaccination. She earned her PhD and M.A. in Social Psychology from the University of Missouri.
This talk will summarize core vaccine confidence and demand concepts, as well as how the CDC’s Vaccinate With Confidence strategy has been used to facilitate demand for vaccines domestically and globally. Behavioral and social drivers of COVID-19 vaccine uptake from nationally representative survey data will be reviewed, and consideration will be given to whether psychological science can and should be incorporated in response to public health emergencies.
Neetu Abad, PhD
Senior Behavioral Scientist / Team Lead, Global Demand for Immunization
US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Dr. Neetu Abad is a senior behavioral scientist and Lead of the Demand for Immunization team in the Global Immunization Division at US CDC. She also co-led the US-based Vaccine Confidence and Demand Team in CDC’s COVID-19 Vaccine Task Force. Her work focuses on assessing and intervening on the behavioral and social drivers of undervaccination. She earned her PhD and M.A. in Social Psychology from the University of Missouri.
This talk will summarize core vaccine confidence and demand concepts, as well as how the CDC’s Vaccinate With Confidence strategy has been used to facilitate demand for vaccines domestically and globally. Behavioral and social drivers of COVID-19 vaccine uptake from nationally representative survey data will be reviewed, and consideration will be given to whether psychological science can and should be incorporated in response to public health emergencies.
Aric Prather, University of California, San Francisco
Psychological and Behavioral Factors Associated with Vaccination Response: Implications for the COVID-19 Vaccine
Aric A. Prather, PhD
Associate Professor of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences
University of California, San Francisco
Dr. Aric A. Prather is an Associate Professor of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Associate Director of the Center for Health and Community at UCSF. A clinical-health psychologist with training in psychoneuroimmunology, Dr. Prather’s research focuses on the causes and consequences of insufficient sleep, with particular interest in how sleep regulates the immune system.
There is growing evidence that psychological, social, and behavioral processes influence how well the immune system works, including the immune responses to vaccinations. The aim of this presentation will be to provide an overview of what we know and what we don’t when it comes to predictors of vaccine response, what this means for the COVID-19 vaccine and future boosters, and how psychological and behavioral scientists are poised to advance our understandings of this mind-body connection.
Aric A. Prather, PhD
Associate Professor of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences
University of California, San Francisco
Dr. Aric A. Prather is an Associate Professor of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Associate Director of the Center for Health and Community at UCSF. A clinical-health psychologist with training in psychoneuroimmunology, Dr. Prather’s research focuses on the causes and consequences of insufficient sleep, with particular interest in how sleep regulates the immune system.
There is growing evidence that psychological, social, and behavioral processes influence how well the immune system works, including the immune responses to vaccinations. The aim of this presentation will be to provide an overview of what we know and what we don’t when it comes to predictors of vaccine response, what this means for the COVID-19 vaccine and future boosters, and how psychological and behavioral scientists are poised to advance our understandings of this mind-body connection.
Discussion led by:
Canada Research Chair in Population Disease Modelling and associate professor in the department of population medicine, Ontario Veterinary College at the University of Guelph.
Amy Greer, PhD
Canada Research Chair in Population Disease Modelling and Associate Professor
Department of Population Medicine, University of Guelph
Dr. Amy Greer is an infectious disease epidemiologist and mathematical modeller whose career has included positions in both academia and federal public service. Her research program explores the introduction, spread, dynamics, and control of infectious diseases in populations to support evidence-based policy decisions. She has authored more than 75 peer-reviewed journal articles including 8 papers on COVID-19 transmission and public health interventions. Dr. Greer has contributed to Canadian pandemic preparedness and response activities for more than 13 years and is a member of the Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC) COVID-19 Modelling Expert Advisory Group, and the PHAC-NSERC Emerging Infectious Disease Modelling (EIDM) Networks. She was a co-author of the Ontario COVID-19 Science Advisory Table Guidance for School Reopening during the 2021-2022 school year and has been featured by numerous media outlets during the pandemic.
Amy Greer, PhD
Canada Research Chair in Population Disease Modelling and Associate Professor
Department of Population Medicine, University of Guelph
Dr. Amy Greer is an infectious disease epidemiologist and mathematical modeller whose career has included positions in both academia and federal public service. Her research program explores the introduction, spread, dynamics, and control of infectious diseases in populations to support evidence-based policy decisions. She has authored more than 75 peer-reviewed journal articles including 8 papers on COVID-19 transmission and public health interventions. Dr. Greer has contributed to Canadian pandemic preparedness and response activities for more than 13 years and is a member of the Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC) COVID-19 Modelling Expert Advisory Group, and the PHAC-NSERC Emerging Infectious Disease Modelling (EIDM) Networks. She was a co-author of the Ontario COVID-19 Science Advisory Table Guidance for School Reopening during the 2021-2022 school year and has been featured by numerous media outlets during the pandemic.
Freelance science writer focused on the interplay between human brain, body and behavior at the extremes.
David Robson
Freelance science writer (BBC, the Observer, New Scientist)
David Robson is an award-winning science writer. He worked as a features editor at New Scientist for five years, before moving to BBC Future, where he was a senior journalist for five years. His writing has also appeared in the Observer, the Atlantic, and Aeon, and he is the author of The Intelligence Trap (2019) and The Expectation Effect (2022). In 2021, David received awards from the Association of British Science Writers and the UK Medical Journalists’ Association for his writing on misinformation and risk communication during the COVID pandemic.
David Robson
Freelance science writer (BBC, the Observer, New Scientist)
David Robson is an award-winning science writer. He worked as a features editor at New Scientist for five years, before moving to BBC Future, where he was a senior journalist for five years. His writing has also appeared in the Observer, the Atlantic, and Aeon, and he is the author of The Intelligence Trap (2019) and The Expectation Effect (2022). In 2021, David received awards from the Association of British Science Writers and the UK Medical Journalists’ Association for his writing on misinformation and risk communication during the COVID pandemic.
Distinguished professor of psychological science, medicine, and public health at the University of California, Irvine.
Roxane Cohen Silver, PhD
Vice Provost & Distinguished Professor of Psychological Science
University of California, Irvine
Roxane Cohen Silver, Ph.D., is Vice Provost for Academic Planning and Institutional Research and Distinguished Professor in the Department of Psychological Science, the Department of Medicine, and the Program in Public Health at the University of California, Irvine, where she has been actively involved in research, teaching, and administration since 1989. An international expert in the field of stress and coping, Silver has spent over four decades studying acute and long-term psychological and physical reactions to stressful life experiences, including personal traumas such as loss, physical disability, and childhood sexual victimization, as well as larger collective events such as terror attacks, infectious disease outbreaks, and natural disasters across the world (e.g., U.S., Indonesia, Chile, Israel). Silver is the President of the Federation of Associations in Behavioral & Brain Sciences, previously served as President of the Society of Experimental Social Psychology, and was a founding Director and Chair of the Board of Directors of Psychology Beyond Borders. Her research, professional service, and mentoring have been recognized with awards from the American Psychological Association, the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies, the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, and the Western Psychological Association. Silver is a Fellow of the Association for Psychological Science, the American Psychological Association, the Academy of Behavioral Medicine Research, and the Society of Experimental Social Psychology.
Roxane Cohen Silver, PhD
Vice Provost & Distinguished Professor of Psychological Science
University of California, Irvine
Roxane Cohen Silver, Ph.D., is Vice Provost for Academic Planning and Institutional Research and Distinguished Professor in the Department of Psychological Science, the Department of Medicine, and the Program in Public Health at the University of California, Irvine, where she has been actively involved in research, teaching, and administration since 1989. An international expert in the field of stress and coping, Silver has spent over four decades studying acute and long-term psychological and physical reactions to stressful life experiences, including personal traumas such as loss, physical disability, and childhood sexual victimization, as well as larger collective events such as terror attacks, infectious disease outbreaks, and natural disasters across the world (e.g., U.S., Indonesia, Chile, Israel). Silver is the President of the Federation of Associations in Behavioral & Brain Sciences, previously served as President of the Society of Experimental Social Psychology, and was a founding Director and Chair of the Board of Directors of Psychology Beyond Borders. Her research, professional service, and mentoring have been recognized with awards from the American Psychological Association, the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies, the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, and the Western Psychological Association. Silver is a Fellow of the Association for Psychological Science, the American Psychological Association, the Academy of Behavioral Medicine Research, and the Society of Experimental Social Psychology.
This free special event is part of the APS Global Collaboration on COVID-19.