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New Research From Psychological Science
Learned Predictiveness Speeds Visual Processing Jennifer L. O'Brien and Jane E. Raymond Can learning the predictive value of a cue for a specific outcome affect the visual processing of that cue? Participants were presented with face pairs and were asked to choose one of the two faces. Each face choice was related to a high or a low probability of winning or losing money during the task. Participants were then shown novel faces and faces from the previous task and were asked to indicate whether the face was "old" or "new." Faces that were highly predictive of monetary wins or losses on the previous task were recognized faster than faces associated with low predictability of wins or losses.
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Inside a Child’s Mind — Research Findings from Psychological Science
Developmental psychology researchers have long known that children aren’t simply mini-adults – their minds and brains work in fundamentally different ways. Exploring those differences can help us understand how kids think and behave and can provide insights into how the mind and brain develop and change over time. Here is some of the latest research involving children from Psychological Science, a journal of the Association for Psychological Science. Who is Good At This Game? Linking an Activity to a Social Category Undermines Children’s Achievement Can linking an activity to a social group affect children’s performance on a task?
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The Power of Suggestion: What We Expect Influences Our Behavior, for Better or Worse
A lucky rabbit foot. A glass of wine. A pill. What do these things all have in common? Their effects – whether we do well on a test, whether we mingle at the cocktail party, whether we feel better – all depend on the power of suggestion. In a new article, psychological scientists Maryanne Garry and Robert Michael of Victoria University of Wellington, along with Irving Kirsch of Harvard Medical School and Plymouth University, delve into the phenomenon of suggestion, exploring the intriguing relationship between suggestion, cognition, and behavior. The article is published in the June issue of Current Directions in Psychological Science, a journal of the Association for Psychological Science.
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Memory, Judgment, and Neuroeconomics—Insights from Current Directions in Psychological Science
Current Directions in Psychological Science, a publication of the Association for Psychological Science, offers a unique perspective on developments taking place across the many different areas of psychological science. New reports from the June issue of the journal examine how people retrieve memories from their minds, a new model of how working memory works, how we judge each other’s personalities, and a multi-disciplinary field of study that merges behavior and economics. Retrieval-Based Learning: Active Retrieval Promotes Meaningful Learning Scientists who study learning tend to investigate how memories are formed during learning. But Jeffrey D.
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Are Wider Faced Men More Self-Sacrificing?
Picture a stereotypical tough guy and you might imagine a man with a broad face, a square jaw, and a stoical demeanor. Existing research even supports this association, linking wider, more masculine faces with several less-than-cuddly characteristics, including perceived lack of warmth, dishonesty, and lack of cooperation. But a new study suggests that men with these wide, masculine faces aren’t always the aggressive tough guys they appear to be. “Men with wider faces have typically been portrayed as ‘bad to the bone,’” says psychologist Michael Stirrat. But he and David Perrett wondered whether the relationship between facial width and personality was really so simple.
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Behaviors We Don’t Know We Have – Insights from Psychological Science
Understanding human behavior – why and how people do what they do – is at the very heart of psychological science. New research presented in the June issue of Current Directions in Psychological Science examines the processes that underlie various aspects of human behavior, exploring how we learn patterns in language and vision, why some people are able to overcome significant life stressors, and how humans process reward and fear. Statistical Learning: From Acquiring Specific Items to Forming General Rules Richard N. Aslin and Elissa L. Newport Statistical learning is the process by which adults and infants extract patterns embedded in both language and visual input.